European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
Volume 135, Issue 2 , Pages 158-163 , December 2007

Risk of preterm delivery in relation to vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy

  • Rydhwana Hossain

      Affiliations

    • Department of Epidemiology, Multidisciplinary International Research Training Program, University of Washington, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
    • These authors contributed equally to this work.
    • ,
  • Tenecia Harris

      Affiliations

    • Department of Epidemiology, Multidisciplinary International Research Training Program, University of Washington, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
    • These authors contributed equally to this work.
    • ,
  • Vitool Lohsoonthorn

      Affiliations

    • Department of Epidemiology, Multidisciplinary International Research Training Program, University of Washington, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
    • Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: MIRT Program, Department of Epidemiology (Box 357236), University of Washington (HSB F-263), 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Tel.: +1 206 543 7559; fax: +1 206 543 8525.
    • ,
  • Michelle A. Williams

      Affiliations

    • Department of Epidemiology, Multidisciplinary International Research Training Program, University of Washington, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
    • Center for Perinatal Studies, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA

Received 14 September 2006 ,Revised 14 November 2006 ,Accepted 1 December 2006.

References 

  1. Mattison DR, Damus K, Fiore E, Petrini J, Alter C. Preterm delivery: a public health perspective. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2001;15(Suppl 2):7–16
  2. Williams MA, Mittendorf R, Lieberman E, Monson RR. Adverse infant outcomes associated with first-trimester vaginal bleeding. Obstet Gynecol. 1991;78(1):14–18
  3. Gomez R, Romero R, Nien JK, et al. Idiopathic vaginal bleeding during pregnancy as the only clinical manifestation of intrauterine infection. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2005;18(1):31–37
  4. Weiss JL, Malone FD, Vidaver J, et al. Threatened abortion: a risk factor for poor pregnancy outcome, a population-based screening study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;190(3):745–750
  5. Yang J, Hartmann KE, Savitz DA, et al. Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy and preterm birth. Am J Epidemiol. 2004;160(2):118–125
  6. Yang J, Savitz DA. The effect of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy on preterm and small-for-gestational-age births: US National Maternal and Infant Health Survey, 1988. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2001;15(1):34–39
  7. Ananth CV, Savitz DA. Vaginal bleeding and adverse reproductive outcomes: a meta-analysis. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 1994;8(1):62–78
  8. Berkowitz GS, Blackmore-Prince C, Lapinski RH, Savitz DA. Risk factors for preterm birth subtypes. Epidemiology. 1998;9(3):279–285
  9. Moutquin JM. Classification and heterogeneity of preterm birth. Bjog. 2003;110(Suppl 20):30–33
  10. Savitz DA, Blackmore CA, Thorp JM. Epidemiologic characteristics of preterm delivery: etiologic heterogeneity. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1991;164(2):467–471
  11. Williams MA, Mittendorf R, Stubblefield PG, Lieberman E, Schoenbaum SC, Monson RR. Cigarettes, coffee, and preterm premature rupture of the membranes. Am J Epidemiol. 1992;135(8):895–903
  12. ACOG Technical Bulletin . Preterm labor. Number 206—June 1995 (Replaces No. 133, October 1989). Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1995;50(3):303–313
  13. Rothman KJ, Greenland S. Modern epidemiology. 2nd ed.. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott-Raven; 1998;
  14. Chen CP, Wang KG, Yang YC, See LC. Risk factors for preterm birth in an upper middle class Chinese population. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1996;70(1):53–59
  15. Kim YJ, Lee BE, Park HS, Kang JG, Kim JO, Ha EH. Risk factors for preterm birth in Korea: a multicenter prospective study. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2005;60(4):206–212
  16. Harville EW, Wilcox AJ, Baird DD, Weinberg CR. Vaginal bleeding in very early pregnancy. Hum Reprod. 2003;18(9):1944–1947
  17. Eskes TK. Abruptio placentae. A “classic” dedicated to Elizabeth Ramsey. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1997;75(1):63–70
  18. Esmon CT. Possible involvement of cytokines in diffuse intravascular coagulation and thrombosis. Bailliere's Best Pract Res. 1999;12(3):343–359
  19. Esmon CT. Does inflammation contribute to thrombotic events?. Haemostasis. 2000;30(Suppl 2):34–40
  20. Elovitz MA, Baron J, Phillippe M. The role of thrombin in preterm parturition. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2001;185(5):1059–1063
  21. Lockwood CJ. The diagnosis of preterm labor and the prediction of preterm delivery. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1995;38(4):675–687

PII: S0301-2115(06)00662-2

doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2006.12.003

European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
Volume 135, Issue 2 , Pages 158-163 , December 2007

Article Tools