Embryotoxicity of serum from women smoking cocaine base paste (CBP)

Abstract 

Objective

Using a mouse embryo bioassay, we examined the embryotoxic properties of serum obtained from eight women who had ingested cocaine base paste (CBP) for a period of 1–3 years.

Study design

Two-cell stage mouse embryos were cultured in the presence of serum extracted from eight CBP-smoking or control women. After 48h, embryos were evaluated to determine their developmental stage and then processed by Tarkoswki's technique to determine the proportion of embryos with micronuclei, in order to establish the number of micronuclei/embryo.

Results

Serum from CBP patients diminished the percentage of embryos progressing to the compacted morula stage, while increasing the proportion of embryos with micronuclei and the corresponding micronuclei/embryo ratio.

Conclusion

These findings provide the first experimental evidence of embryotoxic compounds in the serum of CBP-smoking women. This study highlights the reproductive risk of chronically ingested CBP and demonstrates the need for further studies.

Keywords: Cocaine, Cocaine base paste, Embryotoxic factors, Preimplantation development, Reproductive risks