Abstract
Objectives
The present study evaluated the correlation between the concentrations of polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs) and pesticides in the follicular fluid (FF) obtained during intracytoplasmic
sperm injection (ICSI) with the ovarian response, endometrial thickness, and embryological
and clinical outcomes.
Design
Cross-sectional observational study.
Materials and methods
Women aged 20 to 38 years (300 infertile couples) presenting to a university-affiliated
fertility center were approached to participate in the study. Only 150 couples that
underwent ICSI for male factor infertility agreed to participate, and 94 of them had
retrieved enough FF samples suitable for laboratory testing. The FF sample was obtained,
centrifuged, and stored in liquid nitrogen. Two organochlorine pesticides (OCPs),
Lindane and DDT;three organophosphates (OPs);chlorpyrifos;Diazinon; malathion; one
Chloroacetanilide (Pretilachlor);two pyrethroids(Bioallethrin and β-cyfluthrin); and
the concentrations of four PCBs, 28, 52, 138, 180, were estimated in the obtained
FF samples by using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. SPSS statistical analysis
program (version 17) was used for analysis. Multiple regression analysis was used
to correlate the PCBs and pesticides with ICSI outcomes.
Results
There were significant negative correlations between FF concentrations of the eight
examined pesticides and the four PCBs on the endometrial thickness. However, Pretilachlor,
chlorpyrifos, β-cyfluthrin, and Diazinon were the only toxic agents that negatively
correlated with the number of the oocytes retrieved. Fertilization and early embryo
cleavage rates were negatively correlated with Pretilachlor and β-cyfluthrin. Moreover,
high concentrations of Lindane,DDT, Diazinon,and chlorpyrifos were significantly associated
lower implantation rate. PCB 28 and 180 concentration in the FF was associated with
a lower number of retrieved oocytes and fertilization rate, respectively. The number
of implanted embryos was negatively correlated with PCB 52 FF concentration. However,
the clinical pregnancy rate did not reach the level of significance.
Conclusion
Higher concentrations of any studied PCBs and pesticides are associated with thinner
endometrial thickness. The higher the level of Pretilachlor, β-cyfluthrin, PCB 28
and 180, the lower the retrieval, fertilization, and embryo cleavage rates. High PCB
and pesticide concentrations in the FF adversely affected embryological ICSI outcomes.
However, more data are needed to evaluate their effect on the clinical outcome.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: November 02, 2017
Accepted:
November 1,
2017
Received in revised form:
October 19,
2017
Received:
January 6,
2017
Identification
Copyright
© 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
