Abstract
Objectives
It is hypothesized that urethral dysfunction is central in mixed urinary incontinence
(MUI) in women, since urine entering the proximal urethra under increased intra-abdominal
pressure provokes a urethro-detrusorial reflex and involuntary detrusor contraction.
Mid-urethral slings have been proposed as a solution. Our primary objective was to
evaluate the long-term subjective and objective outcomes on continence and other urinary
symptoms of a trans-obturator mid-urethral sling (TOT) procedure. Our secondary objectives
were to determine its impact on quality of life (QoL), and to investigate which factors
influence outcomes.
Study design
This is a single-centre prospective study on a consecutive series of 86 women who
underwent TOT for MUI as defined by ICS/IUGA. Since the definition of MUI that we
used is symptom-based, we included patients both with and without associated detrusor
overactivity. All patients underwent placement of Monarc® Subfascial Hammocks.
Statistical analysis
We used the McNemar chi-square test, the paired t-test and Fisher’s exact test. A logistic regression model and odds ratios were used
to assess age, parity, body mass index, menopausal status, preoperative detrusor over-activity,
and detrusor pressure at maximum flow as possible factors for treatment failure. Only
those that were statistically significant in the univariate analysis were included
in the multivariate analysis.
Results
With a mean follow-up of 59 months, SUI was cured objectively in 83.7% of patients
and subjectively in 87.2%. Three patients underwent further anti-incontinence surgery.
The continence rates were 74.4% for urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) and 66.3% for
SUI-UUI. The patient-reported success rate was 87.2% (‘much better’ or ‘very much
better’ on Patient Global Impression of Improvement scale). There were statistically
significant improvements in all domains except general health. The univariate analysis
found no significant risk factor for persistence of SUI. Median age >60 years and
menopause were predictive for persistence of UUI. Median and mean age >60 years were
predictive of persistence of overall incontinence. In the multivariate model, all
variables lost their statistical significance.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrates TOT surgery can be performed for patients with MUI following
unsuccessful conservative therapy. We also demonstrate that menopause and age >60
are risk factors for failure. This should be considered when counselling preoperatively.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: December 06, 2017
Accepted:
December 5,
2017
Received in revised form:
December 4,
2017
Received:
June 19,
2017
Identification
Copyright
© 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
