Highlights
- •Twenty and 71 % of women had anti-PT IgG level >10 IU/ml before and after immunization.
- •Post-vaccination maternal and cord blood antibodies were higher than pre-vaccination.
- •Cord blood anti-PT IgG levels were higher if vaccinated 11 weeks and more before birth.
- •Early third trimester vaccination generated higher maternal and cord blood antibodies.
Abstract
Objective
Pertussis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in infants under two months
of age and these high risk babies are dependent on maternally derived antibodies until
completion of their first immunization series. This study aimed to evaluate the vaccine
response of late preterm and term newborns as well as their mothers who underwent
combined tetanus-diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccination during
pregnancy.
Study design
A total of 70 pregnant women were administered Tdap vaccine (Boostrix®, GSK) between
27 and 33 gestational weeks of pregnancy. The IgG antibodies against pertussis toxin
(PT) and filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) in maternal blood before vaccination and
in both maternal and umbilical cord blood after vaccination were evaluated using the
in-house ELISA method. The geometric mean concentrations (GMC) and placental transfer
ratios of antibodies were measured.
Results
Participants’ with a mean age of 29.59 ± 4.70 years received Tdap vaccine at an average
28.6 ± 1.31 gestational weeks. Average pre and post vaccination levels of anti-PT
IgG GMCs and anti-FHA IgG GMCs were 8.01 IU/ml vs 39.48 IU/ml (p = 0.001) and 122.24 IU/ml
vs 183.97 IU/ml (p < 0.001), respectively. The anti-PT and anti-FHA IgG GMCs of cord
blood after vaccination was 25.15 IU/ml and 118.77 IU/ml, respectively (p < 0.001
and p = 0.064). Placental transfer ratios of anti-PT ve anti-FHA IgG antibodies were
detected as 0.65 and 0.62, respectively.
Conclusion
Immunization of pregnant women with Tdap at the third trimester results in high maternal
and infant antibody levels. Maternal immunization during each pregnancy seems to be
the best strategy in revealing the highest maternal and infant antibodies and in narrowing
the gap between birth and immune system maturation in infants. Pregnant women in our
country should also get the Tdap vaccine during pregnancy especially in the early
third trimester.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: September 02, 2021
Accepted:
August 31,
2021
Received in revised form:
August 14,
2021
Received:
February 5,
2021
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
