Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association of the presence or absence of the symptoms of anxiety
and depression compared with the 48 h pad test as an objective measure of incontinence.
Design: Prospective study. Setting: Urodynamics clinic in a large teaching hospital. Subjects: All patients with urinary incontinence attending for urodynamic assessment from 23.4.96
to 29.10.96. Interventions: 48 h pad test, Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD scale). Main outcome measures: Urodynamic diagnosis of cause of incontinence. Urinary loss over 48 h as measured
by weight change in pads. Presence of symptoms of anxiety or depression as defined
by HAD scale score of 8 or more. Results: Urodynamic investigation was performed for incontinence on 133 patients. Of these
127 (95.4%) completed the HAD scale questionnaire. Of the 43 patients (32.2%) who
returned the pads 18 (41.8%) patients were found to have symptoms of anxiety and six
patients (13.9%) had symptoms of depression. Patients with symptoms of anxiety had
lower mean measured urinary loss over a 48 h period compared to women with no symptoms
of anxiety (median loss 44.2 ml range 6.8– 622.4 versus 97.1 ml range 8.2–4384.4 ml)
(P=0.05). There was no significant association between symptoms of depression and pad
test results. Conclusions: Patients presenting with incontinence who have symptoms of anxiety are on average
less incontinent compared to than those without symptoms of anxiety. It suggests that
anxious patients present with a lesser degree of incontinence than nonanxious patients.
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
April 27,
1999
Received in revised form:
April 19,
1999
Received:
May 14,
1998
Identification
Copyright
© 2000 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
